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Azhdarizadeh H. Cultural Social Determination of Knowledge in Quran. فصلنامه تحقیقات بنیادین علوم انسانی 2020; 6 (2) :55-82
URL: http://frh.sccsr.ac.ir/article-1-205-en.html

In this study (cultural social determination of knowledge in Quran), the relationship between knowledge and society, in Quran, is considered. The main question is: "Is there a theory about the relationship between epistemological and sociological arguments in Quran?"
We address the question, with the help of qualitative content analysis and … , employing the implications of the words of the Quran on ontology, epistemology, anthropology, and sociology.
The results of this paper are as follows:
The effective factors on knowledge are, in length, God, Man, Occult beings (angels and Satan), and Earth and Relationship. Any of them affect man’s knowledge and morals, differently. High God, by far, has definite and decisive influence on all knowledge. In terms of man’s willful act, God’s genetic will passes through man’s will and, therefore, man is responsibe for these acts. The second effect is that of man and human will. His will is very significant. The matters, such as language, speech and action, their interaction with knowledge and morals are relevant, here. In the third place, occult beings, such as angels and Satan have sensible roles in mans’social reactions. The impact of natural and social factors ( based on human relations ) are in the fourth place: One of the most interesting scientific problems in Quran and Imam Ali’s words is taken into consideration, the effect of the natural environment ( salt water, proximity to water , dirt and water to adjacent land and groove and smelly earth, and the like), in the state of mind of the people. The effective social factors on knowledge range from the matters, such as man's language, speech and action to his relationships. In Quran, in addition to the human dimension, there is another dimension to man that arises from his social interactions. Various human needs generate necessity of social life, and brings humans together, creating new identities. Perhaps, the first practical step to create such links, is family. Besides family, on the average, we can speak of the bonds of friendship and companionship. Also, two factors, among the links at the macro level, are important: power and wealth. The kind of human relationships has a great impact on human mind. The effect of these cases, however, is not certain.
All the impacts are made under the domain of God and all of the above factors are the light of the Holy God: "and Allah surroundeth them "(Borooj: 20).