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Khandan A. Theory of Religious Knowledge with Monotheistic Approach in Motahhari`s view. فصلنامه تحقیقات بنیادین علوم انسانی 2017; 3 (2) :41-72
URL: http://frh.sccsr.ac.ir/article-1-64-en.html

Abstract
Monotheism and polytheism are the most important issues in religious thought. Islam is the religion of monotheism and the Holy Qur'an with great emphasis on monotheism, has conflicted its opposite point that is polytheism. Regarding this importance and concerning the fact that polytheism is usually understood as idolatry, this article is an attempt to redefine monotheism and polytheism. According to Qur'an and hadith, every dimension of human life including knowledge and science can be an example of monotheistic or polytheistic thinking. In this article relying on works of Master Mortaza Motahhari we have shown how scientific thinking can be affected by monotheism and polytheism. For this purpose, after defining the main concepts of the research, four criteria have been suggested for monotheism and polytheism: creation is from Him (أَللّهُ خالِقُ کُلِّ شَی‌ء), creation is toward Him (الا اِلَی اللهِ تَصیرُ الأُمور), legislation is from Him (اِن الحُکمُ اِلا للهِ), legislation is toward Him (اَلا للهِ الدینُ الخالِص). Speaking in more details, some examples of polytheistic thinking have been mentioned, like materialism, dualism, denying of resurrection, personal whim, cultural liberalism, democracy, hedonism, and ​​one-dimensional values.